Collapsible fluid container



April' 14, 1953 Er H. LAND 2,634,885

COLLAPSIBLE FLUID CONTAINER Filed March 7, 1946 1 VIIIIIIIIIINIIIIJTIIIIIII.

E@ @zz/M7 Patented Apr. 14,l 1953 COLLAPSIBLE FLUID CONTAINER Edwin H.Land, Cambridge, Mass., assigner to Polaroid Corporation, Cambridge,Mass., a corporation of Delaware Application March 7, 1946, Serial No.652,612

. Claims. 1

This invention relates to fluid containers and more particularly tocontainers adapted to contain a fluid composition suitable, for example,for use in a process of forming positive photographic prints.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a container forreleasably containing a liquid suitable for forming a positivephotographic print in conjunction with associated materials.

Another object is to provide a liquid-carrying container substantiallyimpervious to said liquid and to oxygen.

A further object is to provide a fluid-carrying container having pliablewalls and differential sealing means adjacent edge portions thereofwhereby said liquid may be directionally released when the container issubjected to compression.

Still another object is to provide a collapsible liquid-carryingcontainer formed from a pliable sheet material, said container beingsuitable for attachment to a material adapted either to carry or tootherwise serve in the formation of a positive photographic print.

A still further object is to provide a collapsible container releasablyenclosing a viscous liquid, said container being formed from pliable anddeformable materials and being suitable for positioning between sheetmaterials comprising a photosensitive film and a material for carrying apositive photographic print whereby said liquid may be released betweensaid sheet materials and serve to form said print when the aforesaidcontainer is subjected to compression.

Yet another object is to provide a collapsible container releasablycarrying a predetermined quantity of a liquid suitable for release to anadjacent photographically exposed lm whereby a positive print of thesubject image of said lm may be formed.

Yet a further object is to provide a collapsible container releasablycarrying a liquid suitable for processing a photographically exposedphotosensitive film, for transporting an image-forming component to amaterial for carrying a positive print of the subject image of said lm,and for forming said positive print. Y

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in partappear elsewhere.

' The invention accordingly comprises the products possessing thefeatures, properties, and relation of components which are exempliiiedin the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the applicationof which will be indicated in the claims.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to like partsthroughout the several views:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of liquid container prior tointroduction of a liquid thereinto and subsequent closure of containerwalls;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view comprising the liquid container of Fig.1 after introduction of a liquid and closure of container walls, thecontainer being shown mounted on a carrying material;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a modification of the container of Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view comprising the container of Fig. 3,after introduction of a liquid and closure of container walls, thecontainer being embodied in a sheet material;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of theliquid-carrying container of Fig. 4 similarly embodied in a sheetmaterial; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a composite assembly comprising thecontainer of Fig. 1, having a liquid sealed therein, mounted on a sheetmaterial suitable for use in forming a positive photographic print.

Referring to Fig. 1, a form of fluid container comprehended by theinvention is illustrated, sai-d container being constructed of amulti-layer. preferably medially folded material comprising walls I2 andI4, said `individual walls being formed by medial fold I6. A surfaceportion of one of said walls as, for example, portion I8 of wall i4, issuitable for receiving and in part confining said uid and asubstantially equal surface portion of the other of said walls as, forexample, surface portion I9 of wall I2 is suitable for further confiningsaid fluid upon closure of said walls. A composition of fluidparticularly adapted to introduction to the container shown is onehaving a high viscosity, said characteristic of the fluid tending toprevent its escape prior to closure and sealing of said container.

The aforesaid uid container is preferably constructed of an oxygenimpermeable sheet material and, more particularly, of a metal foil suchas a sheet of lead foil 20 as, for example, a sheet of said lead foil.001 inch in thickness and having other dimensions predeterminedaccording to intended use, said use comprising association of thecontainer with a photosensitive nlm of predetermined dimensions. Onesurface of said sheet material is preferably coated with a material 22substantially impervious to the uid composition to be enclosed as, forexample, with a film comprising a polyvinyl acetal such as polyvinylacetal or polyvinyl butyral. More particularly adapted to serve as acoatingfor said surface is a mixture of 'B0-'72% polyvinyl butyral,10-'23% 1/2- second nitrocellulose, and approximately of dibutylsebacate. face of the aforesaid sheet of lead foil may preferably belaminated to a sheet material 26 as, for example, to a craft paper orscrim material for limiting deformation of container walls. A suitablecomposite sheet material for forming said container comprises a layer oflead foil, a layer comprising a mixture of polyvinyl butyral and otheringredients, above described, and a layer of craft paper.

VIn the completed, closed, liquid-carrying container, the aforesaidcoating serves both to substantially preventdirect contact of thecarried fluid with s'aidlea'd'foil and as a means for bonding togetherfacing marginal portions of said coated materialbordering 'the enclosedliquid, when, 'for example, said portions are subjected to an ap-.plication of heat and/.or pressure, said portions, '.thus'b'onded,providing means for sealing said liquid within'the container. A secondcoating 24 of a material such as ethyl cellulose or an ethyl cel-.luloseand parafn mixture overlayed on a mar- Y ginalportionof saidrst-named coating 22, when 'bonde'd toa facing marginal portion havingsaid Y,coating 22'thereonserves as a means for bonding "said "facingmarginal portions differentially with .respect --to otherfacing marginalportions having solely coating'22 thereon.

Ilponclosure of said walls I2 and I4, marginal surface-portions 28, 30and 32 come in contact withmarginal surface portions 28a, 38a, and 32a,respectively, and may be suitably bonded together and when thus bonded,provide, in conjunction lwith fold I6, means for effecting a completelysealed enclosure or space. The aforesaid materials and constructionsprovide a container capable of substantially confining a liquid as, forexample, a liquid adapted t0 the processing of a photographicallyexposed photosensitive'lm and Yto the forming of a positive photographicprint in conjunction therewith, said container effectivelypreventingloss of liquid content due to exudation, absorption, or evaporationthereof, and acting to preserve said liquid substantially free fromoxidation, it being understood that the liquid may be introduced to .thecontainer in an inert atmosphere.

In the cross-sectional drawing of Fig. 2, the container of Fig. 1 isshown carrying a liquid 34 as, for example, a viscous liquid adapted tothe aforementioned photographic function, said con= tainer having wallI2 folded to extreme position with respect to wall I4 and having wallmarginal surface portions sealed, as above described, said sealing ofmarginal surface portions 30 and 39a vbeing illustrated, and the layertype construction of container VWalls shownin Fig. 1 being understood toexist although not delineated. .The liquid, ,asshowrr preferablysubstantially lls the space betweensaid walls, thereby furtherpreclud-Ain'gthe presence of oxygen Within the container.

The outer or noncoated sur- A The container is represented as attachedby means of adhesive material 36 to a strip of sheet material 38, forexample, to a material suitable for serving as a carrier for thecontainer Where propulsion of said container is required in ultimateuse, and which may likewise serve, in conjunction with the aforesaidphotographically exposed lm, as a carrying material for a positive printwhen the liquid in the container is released thereto and to said film.An adhesive material suitable for effecting said attachment of containerand carrying strip is polyvinyl acetatein solution.

The aforementioned constructions .and materials of the liquid-carryingcontainer are such that, in use, the contained liquid may be released ina predetermined manner upon an application of compressive stress to thecontainer walls as, for example, by superposing a second strip of sheetmaterial upon the assembly of container and carryingmaterial shown inFig. 2, and passing said superposed materials between pressure rollersin 'a predetermined direction. Upon said application of compression, thecontainer is adapted to release of said contained liquid betweenmarginal surface portions 3@ and 30a for the reason that overlaidcoating `24 (Fig. l) of said portionSO-of .lower Wall I4 bonded tocoating.22 v,ofsaid portion a of upper wall I2, comprising the bondingof differential coatings, provides a relatively Vweaker bondthan thatexisting between bonded marginal surface portions 2li-28a and 3.2-32ahaving identical coatings thereon. It is likewise to be understood thatfold Iii and other wall portions are less susceptible to fracture thanare said marginal `surface portions Sil- 38a to separation.

It will be apparent that alternative but func- Ytionallyvsimilar meansfor providing differential adhesion of marginal surface portions of acontainer, or for -providing a portion thereof prone to `fracture orseparation, may be employed for obtaining directional release of acontained liquid, said means being suitable for use in conjuncprise theinsertion of a strip of material as, for

example, a strip of cellulose-.acetate between mar- 1ginal rsurfaceportions Sil-30a, or, for example, thelemployment of facing marginalsurface por- .tions of substantially equal width bonded together Vunderthe influence y of differential applications of heat and pressure.

, The'container shown in Fig, 3 is a modification of that illustrated inFig. l and comprises walls 39 vand 40 yformed by lmedial fold 42, saidWall 40 having a concave portion 0r recess 44 embossed therein and saidrecess being adapted to the reception and partial connement of a liquid.Aplanar area.46 of wall 3S substantially equal to the planar dimensionsof said recess is adapted .to eifect further confinement of said liquidupon closureof said walls. The materials, constructions` and functionsof `said container may in all .other respectsbe similar to thoseabove-described with respect to the container of Fig. 1.

In the cross-sectional drawing of Fig. 4, the containerzof Fig. 3 isshown carrying a liquid 48 as, Jfor example, a viscous liquid ofthetypeV previv,ously described, said container having Wall 39 folded toextreme position with respect to Wall 40 and' having wall marginalsurface portions sealed in the aforementioned manner, said relativelyweaker bonded marginal surface portions forming liquid release area 50being illustrated, and the layer type construction of container Wallsshown in Fig. 3 being understood to exist although not delineated. Thecontainer is represented as attached by means of an adhesive material 52to a strip of sheet material 54, said adhesive and sheet material beingsimilar to adhesive 36 and carrying material 38 shown in Fig. 2. It willbe noted that the recessed portion of container wall 40 lies Within asimilarly embossed recessed portion of sheet material 54, saidlast-named material thus providing, in effect, a reinforcing wallportion contiguous said wall 40.

Fig. 5 represents, cross-sectionally, a modification of the containerillustrated in Fig. 4 wherein walls 56 and 58 are formed from twoseparate sheets of multilayer material of the type described relative toFig. 3, bonded marginal surface portions 60 thus supplanting the foldpreviously shown, where a single folded sheet was employed. It will beunderstood that marginal surface portions 62 are less rmly bonded thansaid portions 60 whereby directional release of contained liquid 64between said portions 62 may be obtained by an application ofcompression to said container walls, as previously described.

With reference to Fig. 6, a substantially longitudinal view of anassembly comprising a plurality of containers 66 and 68 of the typeshown in Figs. 1 and 2 and the arrangement of said containers on afragmentary length of carrying material suitable for the reception of apositive photographic image as, for example, a paper material 1U, havinga surface coating of baryta and lead acetate, to which said containersare attached, is shown. It will be noted that an area 12 of said coatedpaper material lies adjacent container 65, said area being suitable forreceiving the released liquid of container 66 and for carrying aphotographic print of similar dimensions to a photographically exposedframe of lm with which the assembly is designed for use, in superposedrelationship, in forming said positive print. Adjacent area 12 is anarea 14 of said paper material suitable for use in trapping any excessof liquid which may pass beyond area 12, one form of saidliquid-trapping means being shown and comprising a plurality ofperforations 16 in said paper material through which said liquid maypass to an absorbent material 18, such as a strip of blotting paperattached to the under side of paper material 10. Container 68 is acounterpart of container 66 and the liquid therein is designated forrelease to area 80 of the paper material, said area, shown in part only,being intended for use with a second frame of exposed film for forming asecond positive print of the subject image thereof. In accordance withthe aforesaid function of elements, it will be apparent that saidcontainers are spaced at predetermined longitudinal intervals ofprint-carrying material 10, a given container, in the form of assemblyshown, having Wall i4 thereof attached to said carrying material in amanner whereby a long dimension of the container lies transverse of thecarrying material and the aforesaid relatively weaker bonded marginalsurface portions 3i), Sa are adjacent print area 12. Visible marginalareas 82, 84, and 86, surrounding the liquid-carrying portion of thecontainer on three sides, represent those surface portions of containerwall I2 to which heat and/or pressure have been directly applied tovrprovide the aforementioned bonding of j6 facing marginal surfaceportionsshown in Fig. 1, the fourth side adjacent said liquid-carryingportion being formed by medial fold 42 and requiring no sealing.

In use, it is contemplated that the visible portions of the assembly ofFig. 6 are to be superposed with a photosensitive film more particularlyin a manner whereby photographically exposed frames of said lm aresuperposed, respectively, With areas 12 and 80 of material 10. It isfurther to be understood that said photosensitive film and assembly, infacing relationship, are to be subjected at least to compressive forcefor obtaining release and spreading of the container-carried liquid oversaid superposed lm frames and areas 12 and 80, and that any excess ofsaid liquid is to be received and substantially confined by trappingmeans 14. Said assembly, either in conjunction With aseparate,superposed photographic film of the aforesaid type, or attached to aphotosensitive film, exposable, for example, through its base material,and thus forming a composite assembly, is adapted to use either in aphotographic darkroom, or in a novel camera apparatus such as thatdescribed in my copending application, Serial No. 578,379, filedFebruary 17, 1945 (now abandoned and replaced by application Serial No.64,870, filed December 11, 1948, and issued as Patent No. 2,543,181 onFebruary 27, 1951), wherein said film and assembly, as shown, may besubjected to compressive and propulsive forces as, for example, betweenpressure rollers, said assembly being adapted to insertion between saidrollers at left-hand extremity 88 and to propulsion therebetween fromleft to right.

It will be understood that both the form and capacity of the containerand the dimensions and surfacing composition of the materials over whichsaid liquid is to be spread are predetermined relative both to eachother and to the compressive properties of pressure rollers or othersuitable means for imparting compression. The supply of said liquidcarried by a given container may, for example, be in excess lof theminimum quantity required for coverage of adjacent areas of lm andprint-carrier material to insure complete coverage thereof underconditions most favorable to the spreading of said liquid. Said liquidmay preferably be provided in a quantity sufficient at least forobtaining adequate coverage of said areas under conditions ofcontemplated use least favorable to the spreading procedure as, forexample, under conditions where a relatively low temperature wouldimpede the flow of said liquid and where the compressive properties ofpressure rollers would be lessened by reason of their rotation atexcessive speeds. It will thus be obvious that said excess portion ofcontained liquid is supplied in a quantity dependent upon influences ofpredetermined magnitude unfavorable to said liquid-spreading process. Y

The adhesive properties of said liquid interposed between said lrn andprint-carrier ma.- terials, under compression, are such as to provide alamination of said materials which is maintained after relief of saidcompressive force therefrom. Where said' materials are substantiallyopaque and inasmuch as an inner surface of said materials carries thepositive print, or Where for'- mation of a transparency is intendedandone of said materials is substantially opaque, it will be apparentthat separation of said materials is re'- quired for viewing thecompleted print. Accordingly, the adhesive properties of said interposedliquid or of an interposed nlm-like coating derived from an ingredientof said liquid are prede,-

'sassarese termined *for* 'permitting the separation of said `Amaterialsupon completion 4of the `iormationroi rsaid positive print.

Referring to Fig. 6, after formationofe-a posi tive prin-t uponfsurfaceVarea TIL-severance of ex- :subject image of said exposed layermaybeformed.

'Said ireceiving 'layer Lmay comprise either the:print-:carrier"material:i8 'of'.Fig. 6 oriaiilm-,like :coating formed'on IsaidmaterialV by gan. ingredient of said liquid. The degree 'ofviscosity of .the

aforesaid liquid is established accordingitothe includedvquantity oi-,atleast an'ingredient'conitributing thereto. as, J for example, of said4iilinforming ingredient.

.Agliquidicomposition suitable forthe above- Ydescribed 'photographicpurposes vmay, for eX- zample,1comprise 200 cc.'of Water, 9g. of sodium:sulte, ,8.75 1g. of sodium hydroxide, 21.31,g. of fsodium carboxymethylYcellulosa-9 1g. of hydroquinone, .and g. 4of sodiumthiosulfate, itbeiner understood that :saidcomposition is presented-.in "anillustrativesense only and thatvthe invention `iss;not;1imited to theaforesaidv materials yor, profportions, .asrsetfforth For .imageareas oflm Aand iprintfcarrier material of approximately [21A-x31@ inches, .35g. to .5 goithe above-formu- .ilated `liquid is capable of providingvacoating v:therebetween .0001 in thickness and slightly morezthan .1 g.in weight, and is sulcient to form aapositive .print Within or upon saidcoating.

:Thereis thus `provided a novel containerffor `a-liquidA adapted, uponapplication of mechanical stress thereto, tovrelease the contentsthereofin za .predetermined direction, Asaidcontainer Vbeing .imperviousto 'said liquid `and to theivapor` of said liquid. The container ispreferably'formed iof :faamultilayer composite material comprising as aninner layer, i. e., vas thelayer in ,contact "rwith .the liquid contentsof the container, famaterialwhich isimpervious to theiliquidgandiaszaisecondlayer .a substance whichk is impervious tothe vapor ofsaidliquid and Which isprotected zagainst Areaction with said liquid.by-saidnrst .'layer. 'Where the liquidcontent of theicontainer l isy,to kbe an alkaline :solution ,suchA as ,the :photographic Acompositionhereinbefore "described, the container is preferably formed of gacomposite materialwhose innerrlayer is a nlm which is vnot hydrolyzedbythe composition or a nlm :which undergoes an initial, hydrolysis uponVconitact"with the liquid, but whose .nlm-.forming properties andimpermeability tothe liquid :are fnotadversely `affected by :suchhydrolysis. Acfcordingly,'in its preferredform thepresent-ingventiontcomprises a Acontainer formed'of 'a 'multilayer:material YWhose Y inner layer 1 is formed'. of a plastic lsuch as Vapolyvinyl .butyral composition which .isisubstantially inert to` analkaline` solution, said layer .being `backed by ka metal foil which fis :impervious v:toi the vapors V Aof saidl 'solution. v,Althoughrplastics such as `the polyvinyl facetalsfof the'typewhich'.undergono'hydro'lysis 75 58 are preferred materials-sforitheinrrer:coatinggit Iis to; be'iexpresslyi,understoodthatiothernnaterials`whichzare-hydrolyzedl by an valkaline ,solution'may .be employed as the`.inner protective lm, l:pro-

;5 .vided said 'materials :retain their flm-iorming 'properties :and arenot :rendered :permeable -to --the L liquid composition by :saidAhydrolysis. LEX- ;amples :of hydrolyzable plastics v.which may ibe 1used: are polymeric .esters v4suchas cellulosen acetate, =,celluloseacetate ibutyrate, ,and ivinyl acetate.

'It Vwill :be apparent that alternative zforms vtof y.containers :andofarrangementithereof with 1ezspect 5to a v,carrier material .may -be yprovided 15 :Within thegscopenffthe invention. Saidzmodications may, forexample, compriseza liquid-,carryingportion ofa containenhavingi-.eitheragreater .or ,lesser transverse Ifor :longitudinal `dimension .thanthecontainers shown, or saidrmodied vcon- '20 tainen may ,have separablemarginal :surfacapor- .tions .for releasing the contained liquid :whichlvary from the. straightlinearqportions': illustrated. It is ,furthertobe understood :that liquid-.carry- -ing containers of -ithe -general,i form illustrated 525 are; adapted to introduction .tothe Yaforesaidflm andgprintl-carrier material-,from a sourcegof supplyvseparate therefrom as, for example, :from 2a .magazine'which may:releasalolyi retainisaid-:con-

tainers out of contactfwith.saidmateria1sfsaid y magazinei havingassociated kmeans for predeterminedly dispensing said containers,between lportions of'said materials. Where said -dispensable methodiofproviding voperational',assemblytofcontainers Withlm-andprintfcarrierimaterials ,is

V employed, saidicontainersxmay :be strengthened by i a `more :rigid`,backing material, .as crequired, fand .attachment `of said :containers:to either of sid materials ,f by V:adhesive: means may be obv-i- .a ed.

VSincevcertain changes maybe made vin `the above 'products landdifferent embodiments ofthe 'invention could be made withoutdeparting'from the scopethereof, it is intended that 'alli'mattercontained in the above-description vor shown-'in the accompanyingdrawings yshallY beinterpreted 55 together to provide aliquid-containing cavity,

`said cavityholding af'highly alkaline processing liquid, each'ofsaidwalls-beingformedof afsheet material comprising-a plurality of layersand fat least one of said vWalls being flexible and deform- -able `rfortransmitting Apressure vapplied to Ythe -'exterior-'of the container'directly Vto the lcontainer contents, the internallayerfjfl each v'said:Wall being a nlm ofi-resin substantially impervious tothe alkalineliquid infthefcavity and inertto '70 alkalineliqui'ds marginal portionsoffsaidwwalls Ybeing adhesively secured together` in face-toefacerelation to provide fa' plurality of fclosures 'for fSa'd= Cavity, saidclosures being "formed 1 at least in fpart 1 by 'directly vrbonding`together the aresin 'lms Voi =saidiwallsffone AVof`said:.closuresparalleling said cavity being substantially weaker thanthe remaining closures, whereby the application of pressure to theexterior of said container causes said one closure to rupture prior tothe others and form a liquid-dispensing passage providing for the directdischarge of the liquid from the container over an area substantially aswide as said one closure, each of said opposed walls extendingcontinuously, without folds, throughout its liquid-conning area and thearea of said closures.

2. The product of claim 1 wherein the principal constituent of the resinrllmis a polyvinyl acetal and the metallic foil is a lead foil.

3. A product capable of directly dispensing a processing liquid in arelatively uniform layer over the interface area of a pair of superposedelements when squeezed between said elements by a pair ofpressure-applying members, said product comprising a rupturabledisposable container having a pair of opposed walls secured together toprovide a liquid-containing cavity, said cavity holding a highlyalkaline processing liquid, each of said walls being formed of a sheetmaterial comprising a plurality of layers and at least one of said wallsbeing flexible and deformable for transmitting pressure applied to theexterior of the container directly to the container contents, theinternal layer of each said wall being a film of resin substantiallyimpervious to the alkaline liquid in the cavity and inert to saidliquid, another of the layers of each said wall, separated from thecontainer contents by said film of resin, being substantially vaporimpervious and comprising a metallic foil susceptible to chemical attackby direct contact with alkaline liquids, marginal portions of said wallsbeing adhesively secured together in face-to-face relation to provide aplurality of closures for said cavity, said closures being formed atleast in part by directly bonding together the resin iilms of saidwalls, one of said closures paralleling said cavity being substantiallyweaker than the remaining closures, whereby the application of pressureto the exterior of said container causes said one closure to ruptureprior to the others and form a liquid-dispensing passage providing forthe direct discharge of the liquid from the container over an areasubstantially as wide as said one closure, each of said opposed wallsextending continuously, without folds, throughout its liquid-confiningarea and the area of said closures, each of said pair of opposed wallsof said container being one fold of a single integral blank of saidsheet material.

4. A product capable of directly dispensing a processing liquid in arelatively uniform layer over the interface area of a pair of superposedelements when squeezed between said elements by a pair ofpressure-applying members, said product comprising a rupturabledisposable container having a pair of opposed walls secured together toprovide a liquid-containing cavity, said cavity holding a highlyalkaline processing liquid, each of said walls being formed of a sheetmaterial comprising a plurality of layers and at least one of said wallsbeing flexible and cleformable for transmitting pressure applied to theexterior of the container directly to the container contents, theinternal layer of each said wall being a lm of resin substantiallyimpervious to the alkaline liquid in the cavity and inert to saidliquid, another of the layers of each said Wall, separated from thecontainers contents by said iilm of resin, being substantially vaporimpervious and comprising a metallic foil susceptible to chemical attackby direct contact with alkaj line liquids, marginal portions of saidWalls being adhesively secured together in face-to-face relation toprovide a plurality of closures for said cavity, said closures beingformed at least in part by directly bonding together the resin films ofsaid walls, one of said closures paralleling said cavity beingsubstantially weaker than the remaining closures, whereby theapplication of pressure to the exterior of said container causes saidone closure to rupture prior to the others and form a liquid-dispensingpassage providing for the direct discharge of the liquid from thecontainer over an area substantially as wide as I said one closure, eachof said opposed walls extending continuously, without folds, throughoutits liquid-coniining area and the area of said closures, each of saidpair of opposed Walls of said container being one fold of a singleintegral blank of said sheet material, and said blank being folded alonga line which extends in the direction of the long dimension of theliquid-containing cavity, the latter being elongated and said oneclosure paralleling its length.

5. A product capable of directly dispensing a processing liquid in arelatively uniform layer over the interface area of a pair of superposedelements when squeezed between said elements by a pair ofpressure-applying members, said product comprising a rupturabledisposable container having a pair of opposed walls secured together toprovide a liquid-containing cavity, said cavity holding a highlyalkaline processing liquid, each of said walls being formed of a sheetmaterial comprising a plurality of layers and at least one of said Wallsbeing flexible and deformable for transmitting pressure applied to theexterior of the container directly to the container contents, theinternal layer of each said wall being a film of resin substantiallyimpervious to the alkaline liquid in the cavity and inert to saidliquid, another of the layers of each said walls, separated from thecontainer contents by said lm of resin, being substantially vaporimpervious and comprising a metallic foil susceptible to chemical attackby direct contact with alkaline liquids, marginal portions of said wallsbeing adhesively secured together in face-to-face relation to pro- Ivide a plurality of closures for said cavity, said closures being formedat least in part by directly bonding together the resin lms of saidwalls, one of said closures paralleling said cavity being substantiallyweaker than the remaining closures, whereby the application of pressureto the exterior of said container causes said one closure to ruptureprior to the others and form a liquid-dispensing passage providing forthe direct discharge of the liquid from the container over an areasubstantially as wide as said one closure, each of said opposed wallsextending continuously, without folds, throughout its liquid-confiningarea and the area of said closures, said opposed walls being separateblanks of said sheet material.

EDWIN H. LAND.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,077,835 Kelly Nov. 4, 1913 1,207,042 Hochstelter Dec. 5,1916 (Other references on following page) Nin'nber- 1I UNITED STATESPATENTS Name Datev Brayer Aug.r 27, 1918 Howlett Oct. 19,A 1920Viegelmann Aug. 12, 1924 Viegelmann July 13, 1926 Steele Nov. 12, 1929Hoover Jan. 7, 1930 Kilchling Jan. 23, 1934 Schleimbohm Dec.v 21 1937Kittredge July 19, 1938 H111 Mar. 21, 1939. Muskat June 13, 1939 RapeDec. 19, 1939 Ham Apr'.` 9, 1940,

Number Namel Date; Albers Sept; 10,1194()`v Hestermann Y J an. 27.,1942, Knott A191;` 6, 1943` Salfsberg May 18, 19,43' Boysen Nov. 16,1943' Salsberg June 6, 1944 Baer Apr. 10, 1945i Cowen June 25,1946'FOREIGN PATENTS Country Datel Great Britain 1906: Switzerland Jan. 16,1945 Germany May 8, 1930 Germany Dec. 24, 1932

